Sexual and Reproductive Health for All: 20 Years of The Global Strategy > 자유게시판

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Thirty years ago, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), kept in Cairo, Egypt, highlighted the right of all individuals to accomplish the greatest standard of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). In 2004, WHO published a reproductive health method - validated by 191 Member States at the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly - that strengthened the centrality of SRHR to societies and economies (Resolution WHA57.12). These frameworks are grounded in gender equality and acknowledge the unvarying importance of sexual health in accomplishing health for all.

WHO researchers dealt with Member States, civil society and communities throughout all regions to operationalize a Global Strategy to cover the five essential pillars for enhancing SRHR:

- improving antenatal, perinatal, postpartum and newborn care

- providing family planning services

- getting rid of hazardous abortion

- combatting sexually transferred infections (STIs).

- promoting sexual health.

Resolution WHA57.12 more informed SRHR policies and guiding files in several areas and Member States. For example, Latin America's 2013 Montevideo Consensus and Africa's Maputo Strategy from 2016 (structure upon the initial 2006 strategy) both include language and concepts strengthening and supporting SRHR.

" The global method is the foundational policy document that centres WHO's mandate for sexual and reproductive health to date," stated Dr Pascale Allotey, Director of the UN Special Programme on Human Reproduction (HRP) and WHO's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health. "The text stays important in contributing to guiding research study priorities and working with nations to establish beneficial resources to ensure detailed SRHR throughout the life course."

Significant development has actually been made over the last 20 years within each of the 5 pillars, consisting of these examples.

- The Global technique happened as the world was reeling from the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Today, the number of individuals obtaining HIV has actually fallen by 38% considering that 2010 alone, due in part to the Strategy's focus on getting rid of STIs including HIV.

- Since March 2022, 60% of WHO Member States have consisted of the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) in their regular immunization schedules, considerably advancing efforts to remove cervical cancer as a public health risk.

- Prioritizing family planning services and birth control access led to WHO's Family preparation: a global handbook for companies referral guide, which has actually been shared over a million times. Accordingly, the proportion of females using modern-day contraceptive techniques increased from 467 million in 1990 to 874 million in 2022, while a broader variety of contraceptive alternatives is now available.


A 2020 study discovered that there has been a worldwide reduction in unintentional pregnancy. Furthermore, evidence-based medical abortion programs have improved global access to abortion, and over 60 nations have liberalized abortion laws in the past 30 years in line with proof on the value of such efforts to make sure the health of ladies and adolescent women.

Professor Kate Gilmore, co-chair of the Gender and Human Rights Advisory Panel of HRP, credited the Strategy and WHO for helping generate important scientific evidence on SRHR that has contributed to some of these shifts. "A few of the great advances that we've seen - consisting of the method civil society has actually used up the cause to argue for access to safe and legal abortion - are due to the Strategy and the organized generation of proof over these past twenty years," she stated.

Despite early gains, however, recent years have actually seen indications of stagnancy. From 2000 to 2020, the maternal death rate dropped by 34% - but a 2023 report discovered that progress has actually mainly stalled given that. The uneasy trend was illustrated throughout a recent occasion showcasing global datasets on the advancement of SRHR considering that ICPD. High maternal death rates persist in a couple of countries and sexual health concerns, such as endometriosis, infertility and sexual erectile dysfunction, are often neglected or normalized.

Dr Allotey and Dr Manjulaa Narasimhan, scientist at WHO and HRP, noted in a current commentary in the WHO Bulletin that the SRHR agenda stays incomplete and in some instances has actually fallen back due to geopolitical tensions, financial downturns, the global food crisis, environment modification, humanitarian crises and COVID-19.

There are emerging opportunities to catalyse progress - for example, by enhancing human rights-based approaches in SRHR and embedding principles like non-discrimination, including in crisis situations. Improving health systems with a primary health-care approach can enhance equity and broaden access to thorough SRHR services. New innovations and alternative service delivery approaches can improve SRHR by broadening gain access to, choice and autonomy.

Other future-looking focus locations within SRHR consist of research on the transformative function of expert system and ingenious contraception approaches, more deal with enhancing health systems, and the withstanding prioritization of positive pregnancy and childbirth experiences.

At a more comprehensive level, Dr Allotey called for an ongoing focus on the fundamental importance of SRHR. "Sexual and reproductive health ought to never ever be relegated to the margins of health care, but recognized as crucial for the general wellness of people and the neighborhoods in which they live," she stated.